January 29, 2004
Baruch Dayan Emes
Various blogs mentioned that Mikey Butler passed away. Although I was not friends with Mikey, we were in YU at the same time; whenever his name is mentioned, I recall a specific experience I had with him that I will never forget.
YU had a series of colloquia called Dorm Talks, where Roshei Yeshiva and respected administrators would speak on assorted "real-life" topics. The topic of discussion for one particular session related to pre-marital testing for genetic diseases such as Taysachs and Cystic Fibrosis. R. Herschel Schachter was among the panelists.
I was engaged to Peninah at the time, and since neither of us had any history of genetic disease in our familes, and we had been dating for a while, we decided not to get genetic testing done. Whether this was an intelligent decision or not could be debated, but our feelings were that, even if we found out bad news, we would still want to get married.
When the subject came up in the discussion, R. Schachter advised that, should two individuals who are dating, even seriously, find out that they are high risk for genetic disease, then they should break off their engagement. I recall specifically what R. Schachter said: "You'll find someone else." This was not what I wanted to hear, as I we were a few short months away from getting married. Feelings of guilt and apprehension of the unkown filled my mind. Perhaps we should get testing done? No, I thought to myself, we've come too far to break it off now.
And then something happened that I will never forget. Mikey Butler, from the back of the room, stood up, raised his voice, and asked the question that I, and I'm assuming most people in the room, including myself, had not even considered, let alone contemplated, asking.
"How can you say that? Your saying that people like me can never get married!"
It's hard for me to describe this scene, to do it justice. At the front of the room, you had R. Herschel Schachter, the Rosh Kollel of Yeshiva University, preeminent student of R. Soloveitchik; one of the most highly regarded and respected (and rightfully so) rabbis in America. In the back of the room, standing up amidst the mass of students, you had Mikey Butler, a 19 year old with cystic fibrosis. R. Schachter had, in no uncertain terms, just told everyone in the room that Mikey should never get married. Mikey, who had to know that he would not live a normal life, could not accept this generalization.
I looked back to see R. Schachter's reaction. He had no answer for Mikey. He simply nodded his head, repeated again that he felt it best to break off the engagement, and the discussion moved on. Mikey's point, whether it had been intentional or emotional, had been made.
When I was in yeshiva, learning Torah and studying, it was easy to forget that there is a real world out there where people, even children, die young. It was easy for me to hear a statement that if a couple has a genetic conflict they shouldn't get married, and think of that in terms of my own situation, rather than in terms of the broader implications of what it meant for people like Mikey. It's easy to reduce someone's pain and suffering to a page in the Shulchan Aruch. That's impossible, however, when that person stands up in front of you.
I would like to wish the family comfort on their loss. Mikey truly was an incredible individual.
"It's easy to reduce someone's pain and suffering to a page in the Shulchan Aruch. That's impossible, however, when that person stands up in front of you."
Not that R' Schacter really needs my defense, but while it is quite tempting to assume that his sterility only ignores the human suffering of the "person stand(ing)... in front of you," in fact what he is doing is recognizing two factors. First, the romantic mythos of "the one" is both foreign to Judaism and quite stupid besides, and it should not be overly accepted. Second, when one is pursuing the path of least suffering, it's unfair to include only the imminent pain of the saris being told that he is an etz yaveish while ignoring the future suffering of his wife ("I don't care if he's sick, I love him.") who becomes a widow at 27, and the kids who grow up fatherless because of a juvenile overemphasis of romanticism over common sense. It's not cruel, it's a recognition of the need for a responsible choice between two unpleasant options. Hopefully, we will quickly find solutions to these and other diseases if and when a greater proportion of humanity gets dragged into the 21-st century and begins to contribute to an understanding of teva. But until that point, it's not fair to subject people to suffering that they could avoid if they only committed to using their brains. And that unclouded analysis comes from the Shulchan Aruch.
Obviously, none of this is to be interpreted as advocating any abdication of society's responsibility to comfort and cure the ill.
Posted by: David Sapin at February 3, 2004 9:28 AMI did intend to write in the post that I understand and agree with R. Schachter (again, not that he needs my support in any way). I also intended to write that I understand Mikey's position as well. R. Schachter has the authority to make halachic statements, which, as you point out, express the overall sentiments of our religion (minimization of suffering, etc.). In Mikey's case, the implication led logically to a position that he questioned, not only in regards to himself, but also in regards to others. He had the courage to stand up and confront R. Schachter based on his conviction that this approach was not optimal.
Part of the story, which I am now recalling, is how Mikey phrased his question. He asked about future cases, where tests are developed that can predict well into the future various genetic diseases, such as cancer. Following R. Schachter's logic, once these tests are available (and I believe some of them are now), we should all be obligated to take these tests, and if they should indicate that one would get these diseases, that person should not get married, have children, etc. R. Schachter's premise was that science should be used, if at all possible, to minimize suffering; Mikey questioned this assertion because of the implications it had for himself and others. Where do you draw the line? What if Mikey's condition would have allowed him to live till age 30? If we can discern that someone will die of cancer by age 30, should the same rules apply to him?
The point is that while halacha provides abstract legal statements, when deciding a specific case, many other factors are involved. When a p'sak halacha is rendered, it is almost ALWAYS based on more than just the page in the Shulhan Aruch.
Posted by: Greg at February 3, 2004 2:29 PMCommon sense would dictate that if one knows that one's affiianced has a significantly higher than normal risk of dying considerably earlier than standard actuarial tables would suggest, that one should look elsewhere. I don't know if any actual 'rules' are pertinent, and also, not having been at the original discussion, I do not know whether such common sense rises to the level of obligation.
You have kids - what would you advise them to do?
"When a p'sak halacha is rendered, it is almost ALWAYS based on more than just the page in the Shulhan Aruch." - That may or may not be true, but at least halacha provides a framework that allows for better analysis than emotional over-reaction.
There is an appropriate emotional response, which is emotional support for the distressed. There is an appropriate intellectual response, which is doing the intelligent thing. Conflating the appropriate responses to very different issues is a common and frustrating problem that typically makes things much worse.
Posted by: Elmer Fudd at February 3, 2004 9:51 PMAgain, it is important to be precise. I am not advocating being absolutely dispassionate, or "treat(ing) life the way you look at an actuarial table." I am advocating the recognition of the need for distinct responses to emotional and intellectual needs. Mikey raised the group's awareness of an emotional need, which is fantastic, but the appropriate response was not and is not to ignore the wiser course of action.
"Giving suffering meaning" is a meaningless platitude. Suffering is there for whatever reason, and one can respond either appropriately or inappropriately. The question is whether one chooses to give meaning to one's life.
Posted by: Daph E. Duck at February 4, 2004 7:28 AM